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Archive > Year 2007, Number 4

Maximal Isometric Hand Grip Force In Well-Trained University Students In Serbia: Descriptive, Functional And Sexual Dimorphic Model


Authors

Blagojević Miroljub, Academy for Criminalistic and Police Studies
Dopsaj Milivoj, Faculty of Sports and Physical Education, University of Belgrade
Koropanovski Nenad, Academy for Criminalistic and Police Studies
Marinković Boban, Faculty of Mining and Geology, University of Belgrade
Miljuš Dragan, Serbian Institute of Public Health
Vučković Goran, Academy for Criminalistic and Police Studies

Abstract

The aim of this work is to define basic descriptive model characteristics considering descriptive, functional and sexual dimorphism at maximal isometric hand grip force in healthy and well-trained student population in the Republic of Serbia. For the purpose of this research, 605 examinees were tested, among whom 408 were men and 197 women, aged 18 to 24 yrs. The average values of maximal isometric hand grip force in men were X=591.49±86.29 and 635.19±89.14 N, and in women they were X=344.79±47.82 and 376.80±50.92 N, for the left and the right hand respectively. Functional dimorphism (i.e., the relationship between the non-dominant and the dominant hand) was 0.9330±0.0702 with men, and 0.9183±0.0825 with women. The partialised values of the muscle force measured by allometric method in men were X=31.30 ± 3.93 and 33.62±4.01 N/BM0.667, and in women they were X=21.97±2.78 and 24.02±3.02 N/BM0.667 for the left and the right hand. The given values for the classic method were X = 0.7375 ± 0.0983 and 0.7922 ± 0.1013 DaN/BM for men, and X=0.5679±0.0783 and 0.6210±0.0860 DaN/BM for women, for the left and the right hand. Multivariate statistical difference was established for the whole measurement range (the total of variable samples in the function of gender) between men and women, as parameters of sexual dimorphism, at the level of Wilks’ Lambda – 0.283, F=271.83, p=0.000. In the function of gender, statistically significant functional dimorphism was found in both men and women, i.e., the dominant hand was found to be stronger than the non-dominant one with statistical significance of t=18.80, p=0.000 in men and t=14.31, p=0.000 in women. Considering defined model parameters for the population of the age given, the results obtained can be used as criterion values for various testing purposes, such as the assessment of maximal hand grip in athletes and non-athletes of both genders, or the evaluation of gender-related and functional dimorphism of the same. Besides, they can be used to ascertain the level of various functional or neuro-degenerative injuries or changes induced by acute or chronic medical conditions (injury or illness) of the hand.

Keywords

isometric force, hand grip, sexual dimorphism, mathematical modeling

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